The Peel with Turner Novak

• Building AI-Native Infrastructure for Developers | Erik Berhnardsson, CEO of Modal

  Erik Bernhardsson is the Co-founder and CEO of Modal, building high-performance AI infrastructure.We talk about building what is essentially a new cloud provider, created from the ground up, optimized for AI. We also talk about what actually happened with the great GPU shortage, how Modal fixes the inference problem in AI, and why he thinks AI will lead to 10x more developers.He also shares lessons on culture from joining Spotify as the 40th employee, treating hiring like a prediction problem, what most people get wrong working with early customers, why more people should start companies in their 30’s and 40’s, and reflections on fundraising in a hot market.Thank you to Tim Chen at Essence Venture Capital and Erik’s Co-founder Akshat for their help brainstorming topics for this conversation.Thank you to Meow and Hanover Park for supporting this episode.Meow: Get free bookkeeping for your startup at https://www.meow.comHanover Park: Modern, AI-native fund admin at https://www.hanoverpark.com/TurnerTimestamps:(4:26) Modal: AI-native infrastructure(9:02) Why its so hard to get GPU’s(15:00) Hitting PMF with AI generated media(20:37) Competing in IOI competitions(23:09) 40th employee at Spotify(27:17) Lessons from Spotify(31:17) Starting Better[dot]com(34:05) Treating hiring like a prediction problem(36:12) Erik’s favorite interview question(39:07) Sales + common design partner mistakes(42:02) Startups should solve hard problems(44:05) Evolution of Modal’s product over time(50:15) Rise in importance of inference in AI(52:07) AI development post-GPU scarcity(58:51) Building a brand in dev tools(1:04:31) Fundraising from Seed to Series B(1:07:42) More 30+ year old’s should start companies(1:10:00) Reducing developer tax, increasing productivity(1:20:37) Why Erik’s bullish and bearish on AI(1:26:17) Bubbles, downsides to inappropriate valuations(1:34:58) High CO2 levels make you dumb(1:37:38) Difference between US and European startupsReferencedModal: https://modal.comCareers at Modal: https://jobs.ashbyhq.com/modalSuno: https://suno.comPlanet Scale: https://planetscale.comHow to hire smarter than the market: https://erikbern.com/2020/01/13/how-to-hire-smarter-than-the-market-a-toy-modelInterviewing is a noisy prediction problem: https://erikbern.com/2018/05/02/interviewing-is-a-noisy-prediction-problemCloud in 2030: https://erikbern.com/2021/11/30/storm-in-the-stratosphere-how-the-cloud-will-be-reshuffledFollow ErikTwitter: https://x.com/bernhardssonLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/erikbernFollow TurnerTwitter: https://twitter.com/TurnerNovakLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/turnernovakSubscribe to my newsletter to get every episode + the transcript in your inbox every week: https://www.thespl.it/

  --------  

  1:41:14

  --------

  1:41:14
• Howie: The AI Secretary | Austin Petersmith, Co-founder and CEO

  Austin Petersmith is the Co-founder and CEO of Howie, the AI secretary.We talk about why AI assistants are so hard to build, why they decided to build Howie super narrow, and everything that went into their brand, name, and viral launch.Thank you to Adam D’Augelli, Sophia Amoruso and Alex Cohen for help brainstorming topics for the conversation.Thank you to Hanover Park for supporting this episode. Try the modern, AI-native fund admin at https://www.hanoverpark.com/TurnerTimestamps:(3:35) Howie: The AI Secretary(6:08) Why AI assistants are so hard to build(16:19) Why Howie started in email(20:49) Adding a human in the loop(30:48) AI software vs AI-powered humans(36:21) How a meme inspired Howie(39:29) Inside the making of Howie’s launch video(44:15) Howie’s viral launch video + Discussion(53:47) Designing the brand(1:01:37) Long-term opportunity and roadmap(1:07:53) Working for Jason Calacanis(1:12:00) Jason's media lessons(1:16:51) Getting Howie's first users(1:19:35) Pitch deck strategy that raised $6m(1:24:09) The mistake of optimizing for growth too soon(1:29:48) Building an AI company outside of SF(1:33:13) Being Superhuman’s 1st customer, Mercury’s 3rdReferencedTry Howie: https://howie.com/Jobs at Howie: https://app.dover.com/jobs/howieHowie Dewitt Meme: https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/howie-dewittNewKid: https://newkid.services/Follow AustinTwitter: https://x.com/awwstnLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/awwstnFollow TurnerTwitter: https://twitter.com/TurnerNovakLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/turnernovakSubscribe to my newsletter to get every episode + the transcript in your inbox every week: https://www.thespl.it/

  --------  

  1:39:50

  --------

  1:39:50
• How Loops Fixes Email for Developers with Co-founder and CEO Chris Frantz

  Chris Frantz is the Co-founder and CEO of Loops, the email platform for software companies.We get into why sending emails is still a big problem, his hilariously simple framework for building products, getting in to YC with a last minute application, and why they skipped raising a Series A.We also talk through Chris decade of working in marketing, like when to lean into PLG vs Sales vs hype led growth, early stunts they did to get their first users, why they do no marketing now, and why Loops’ customer support team is all engineers.Thanks to Ramp for supporting this episode. It's the corporate card and expense management platform used by over 40,000 companies, like Shopify, CBRE and Stripe. Time is money. Save both with Ramp. Get $250 for signing-up here: https://ramp.com/ThePeelTry Hanover Park - the modern, AI-native fund admin https://www.hanoverpark.com/TurnerTimestamps:(4:37) Email for software companies(8:28) Why email is a big deal(14:05) The future of email(17:00) Product vs Sales vs Hype led growth(24:33) Coming up with the idea for Loops(29:36) Building one of the first GPT wrappers in 2020(34:34) Lessons selling his first company(37:13) Doing their YC app in 10 minutes(40:53) Avoiding VC’s who add value(46:58) Skipping a Series A(51:37) Building in stealth for 18 months(53:21) Marketing stunts to get the first waitlist sign-ups(58:44) Four step cadence of building Loops(1:01:58) Personally onboarding every new customer(1:04:03) Balancing 996 with family(1:11:11) Cleaning wasp nests with a shop vacReferencedLoops: https://loops.soCareers at Loops: https://loops.so/careersCuriosity: https://curiositystream.comSnazzy AI / Unbounce: https://unbounce.com/product/smart-copyAtlas customer support: https://atlas.soFollow ChrisTwitter: https://x.com/frantzfriesLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ctfrantzFollow TurnerTwitter: https://twitter.com/TurnerNovakLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/turnernovakSubscribe to my newsletter to get every episode + the transcript in your inbox every week: https://www.thespl.it/

  --------  

  1:16:44

  --------

  1:16:44
• Untold Startup Lessons from Dozens of Academic Research Papers with Dan Gray at Equidam

  Dan Gray is the Head of Insights at Equidam.If you’re a tech and investing nerd like us, you’ll love this conversation. We cover everything Dan’s learned reading dozens of academic research papers on startups and venture capital, debunking many popular narratives of the industry.We talk about the dangers of pre-mature startup scaling, the importance of origination stage investing, the concept of startup catering and why so many startups look the same, and the role of mega funds play in the ecosystem.We also discuss what the data says about concentration vs diversification, what VC’s get wrong about pattern matching, and why pivoting is more valuable than you thinkThanks to Ramp for supporting this episode. It's the corporate card and expense management platform used by over 40,000 companies, like Shopify, CBRE and Stripe. Time is money. Save both with Ramp. Get $250 for signing-up here: https://ramp.com/ThePeelTry Harmonic - The startup discovery engine https://harmonic.ai/turnerTimestamps:(6:43) What’s the required rate of return in VC?(9:29) Venture capital needs new definitions(16:10) QSBS(18:23) Are we in an AI bubble?(24:07) Re-branding early and late stage venture(28:25) We need more origination stage capital(40:05) Survivorship bias in emerging manager outperformance(42:57) Incentives driving larger fund sizes(48:10) Raising overvalued rounds re-risks a startup(52:08) Startup catering: why all startups look alike(58:42) Are VC mega funds still an experiment?(1:08:06) Late stage VC is competing with PE(1:13:42) a16z’s Fund 1 strategy(1:18:18) How diversified should VC funds be?(1:25:06) Performance of Generalist vs Specialist firms(1:30:35) How to value a startup(1:40:58) Why VC firm location correlates to returns, but startup location does not(1:44:05) Founder background doesn’t predict success(1:48:27) Startups with one pivot are most successful(1:50:24) Premature scaling kills 70% of startups(1:54:47) Does mega fund model work for origination investing?(1:56:15) Value of Twitter and writing onlineReferenced Research PapersVenture Predation: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4437360Process Alpha: https://angelspan.com/process-alpha-how-to-construct-and-manage-optimized-venture-portfolios-joe-milam-journal-of-portfolio-management-august-2022/The Sunk Cost Fallacy in VC: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929119924000518Predictably Bad Investments in VC: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4135861Startup Catering to Venture Capitalists: https://afajof.org/management/viewp.php?n=58968Premature Scaling: https://innovationfootprints.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/startup-genome-report-extra-on-premature-scaling.pdfReferenced BooksThe Otherland Tetrology: https://www.goodreads.com/series/43762-otherlandPermutation City: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/156784.Permutation_City?from_search=true&from_srp=true&qid=lf7FuUR9se&rank=1Necromancer: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6088007-neuromancer?ref=nav_sb_ss_1_29Other Referenced ItemsQSBS changes: https://www.dwt.com/blogs/startup-law-blog/2025/07/qsbs-big-beautiful-bill-tax-code-upgradesMega funds and the great re-risking: https://nextview.vc/blog/megafunds-and-the-great-re-risking/Rex Woodbury’s post on hot companies: https://www.digitalnative.tech/p/the-taxi-cab-theory-of-venture-capitalThe VC Performance Paradox: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/performance-paradox-venture-capital-dan-gray-2fqrePrior episodes mentionedDan Feder: https://youtu.be/_Ou6D9PLSBIMichael Dempsey: https://youtu.be/UzSbG6DL8CMSolugen: https://youtu.be/ofkNiB2nI3QFollow DanTwitter: https://x.com/credistickBlog: https://credistick.comFollow TurnerTwitter: https://twitter.com/TurnerNovakLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/turnernovakSubscribe to my newsletter to get every episode + the transcript in your inbox every week: https://www.thespl.it/

  --------  

  2:06:15

  --------

  2:06:15
• Rethinking Asset Allocation, The Past Present and Future of Venture Capital | Dan Feder, University of Michigan

  Dan Feder is a Senior Managing Director of Investments at the University of Michigan’s $18 billion endowment.Our two hour conversation talks through the past, present, and future of all things venture capital, and investing more broadly.Dan lays out the case for why most institutional investors should change how they approach asset allocation, why risk and uncertainty are not the same, the importance of relevance and independent thinking, advice for fund managers raising from institutional LP’s, the trend of VC’s rolling up services businesses, and what he learned from beating Lance Armstrong in a race.Thanks to Chris Douvos @ Ahoy Capital and Adam Kurkiewicz at WashU for their brainstorming topics for Dan!Special thanks to Ramp for supporting this episode. It's the corporate card and expense management platform used by over 40,000 companies, like Shopify, CBRE and Stripe. Time is money. Save both with Ramp. Get $250 for signing-up here: https://ramp.com/ThePeelTry Hanover Park - the modern, AI-native fund admin https://www.hanoverpark.com/TurnerTimestamps:(5:50) Beating Lance Armstrong in a race(8:05) “The will to win is nothing without the will to prepare”(10:39) Why investors need to re-think asset allocation(22:31) Difference between risk and uncertainty(29:26) How endowments work(33:12) Endowment portfolio construction(40:47) From law, to industrial buyouts, to venture(49:13) Narrowing scope to increase returns(54:54) Why career planning as an LP is hard(58:24) VC in the 00’s(1:08:18) Venture vs Adventure Capital(1:15:16) VC’s rolling up legacy industries(1:20:17) Importance of relevance(1:26:25) Traits of the top investors(1:28:25) Importance of trust in institutional LP fundraising(1:32:54) Venture is the most competitive ass class(1:35:37) Why venture firms do not persist over time(1:38:27) How venture will change going forward(1:43:37) The Newman CycleReferencedA Sense of Where You Are by John McPhee: https://www.amazon.com/Sense-Where-You-Are-Princeton/dp/0374526893Risk Uncertainty and Profit by Frank Knight: https://www.amazon.com/Risk-Uncertainty-Profit-Frank-Knight/dp/1614276390Follow DanTwitter: https://x.com/federdanLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/danfederFollow TurnerTwitter: https://twitter.com/TurnerNovakLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/turnernovakSubscribe to my newsletter to get every episode + the transcript in your inbox every week: https://www.thespl.it/

  --------  

  1:52:28

  --------

  1:52:28

Mais podcasts de Tecnologia

Podcasts em tendência em Tecnologia

Sobre The Peel with Turner Novak