New Books with Miranda Melcher

In
the bustling market towns and growing cities of medieval England
between 1200 and 1600, public works were the lifelines of urban society.
In Urban Infrastructure in Medieval England: Sustainability and Resilience (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2026), Dr. Roberta J. Magnusson offers
the first comprehensive study of how medieval towns built, financed,
and sustained their defenses, bridges, streets, water systems, and harbors.

Dr.
Magnusson reveals how even modest communities, like the Warwickshire
town of Atherstone, boldly pursued projects that reshaped their futures.
Grants of tolls and taxes funded paving initiatives, bridge repairs,
and fortified walls, while enterprising lords and abbots sponsored
sluices, conduits, and quays. These efforts were not confined to
England's great cities; small towns with limited means also sought
to enhance their competitive edge, even when such investments strained
their resources. Drawing on royal records, municipal archives, and
archaeological evidence, Dr. Magnusson situates these civic undertakings
in their broader social and environmental contexts. She shows how
townsmen adapted traditional obligations of labor
and charity alongside innovative fiscal tools to sustain projects that
could span generations. Yet the balance was fragile. The crises of the
fourteenth century—famine, plague, and the harsher climate of the Little
Ice Age—undermined local resources, leaving many communities to
struggle with maintenance or watch their infrastructures decline.

At
once a history of engineering, economy, and community, this study
illuminates how medieval people conceived of security, health, and
prosperity through the material fabric of their towns. By tracing the
rise, transformation, and survival of these infrastructures, Dr.
Magnusson demonstrates how urban communities navigated centuries of
change while shaping the very landscapes in which they lived.

This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book
focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty
negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative
analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find
Miranda’s interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. 
Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In Shoe Workers in Hannibal, Missouri: The Rise and Fall of Manufacturing in America’s Hometown, 1890–1970 (LSU Press, 2026), Dr. Gregg Andrews examines the history of factory laborers
in a celebrated Mississippi River town. In the late 1890s, shoe
manufacturing transformed Mark Twain’s boyhood home from a steamboat
village to a factory town. By the mid-1920s, the St. Louis–based
International Shoe Company, the world’s largest shoe manufacturer at the
time, controlled all shoe production in Hannibal and continued to do so
until it shut down production lines in the 1960s. The company kept a
tight grip on the town as it battled to keep out unions and maintain labor
at a low cost and in a malleable state. When Hannibal’s shoe workers
claimed their right to organize under the New Deal during the Great
Depression, the shoe corporation was defiant. The company’s stance
sparked mob violence against outside union organizers, nurtured a
company union, pitted unionists against company loyalists, and badly
divided Hannibal. At the same time, the town was engaged in yearlong
festivities to celebrate the centennial of Mark Twain’s birth and the
opening of a museum named in his honor.

Dr.
Andrews’s study of shoe manufacturing and its production workers is
thick in detail and rich with the human stories of those whose lives
were shaped by the rise and fall of the shoe industry in Hannibal.
Andrews captures the shoe workers—white and Black, men and women—in
their own words as they describe their jobs, family struggles, and
battles to unionize.

Dr. Andrews examines the prevailing conditions that led the company to
close its production facilities in Hannibal, leaving shoe workers and
the town to confront the early shock waves of deindustrialization. His
study of an industry that has virtually disappeared in the United States
leaves a record for the families of thousands of American shoe workers
and the citizens of Hannibal to better understand their history and the
role shoe manufacturing played in it.

This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book
focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty
negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative
analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find
Miranda’s interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts.
Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Stove
improvers have been designing and promoting “clean” or “efficient”
biomass cookstoves in India since the 1940s and have been frustrated to
find their carefully engineered stoves abandoned in trash heaps or
repurposed as storage bins, while the traditional mud chulha retains a
central place in the kitchen. Why do so many Indian women continue to
use wood-burning, smoke-spewing stoves when they have other options?

Based on anthropological research in Rajasthan, Cookstove Chronicles: Social Life of a Women’s Technology in India (University of Arizona Press, 2024) by Dr. Meena Khandelwal argues that the supposedly obsolete
chulha persists because it offers women control over the tools needed
to feed their families. Their continued use of old stoves alongside the
new is not a failure to embrace new technologies
but instead a strategy to maximize flexibility and autonomy. The chulha
is neither the villain nor hero of this story. It produces particulate
matter that harms people’s bodies, leaves soot on utensils and walls, and
accelerates glacial melting and atmospheric warming. Yet it also
depends on renewable biomass fuel and supports women’s autonomy as a
local, do-it-yourself technology.

Dr.
Khandelwal, a feminist anthropologist, describes her collaboration with
engineers, archaeologists, and others. She employs critical social
theory and reflections from fieldwork to bring together research from a
range of fields, including history, geography, anthropology, energy and
environmental studies, public health, and science and technology studies
(STS). In so doing she not only demystifies multidisciplinary research
but also highlights the messy reality of actual behavior.

Cookstove Chronicles
critically examines why, despite extensive development efforts, use of
the chulha persists. It offers an important new framework for looking at
development, technology, environmental change, and human behavior.

This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book
focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty
negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative
analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find
Miranda’s interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. 
Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Once
dominant and institutionalised, the Yakuza, one of Japan's best known
criminal organisations, is now shrinking under the combined pressure of
legal exclusion, social stigmatisation, and market regulation. Their
membership has dropped from more than 80,000 in 2009 to fewer than
20,000 in 2025. Yet their disappearance is far from complete. Based on
extensive fieldwork with active and former members, police officers,
lawyers, and journalists, in 21st Century Yakuza: Death of Japanese Organised Crime
(Oxford University Press, 2026), Dr. Martina Baradel examines how these
organisations adapt to repression and explores what happens when a
mafia begins to die.

21st Century Yakuza
illuminates how Japan's model of regulatory saturation has dismantled
the Yakuza's organisational capacity but left behind governance vacuums
in markets the state struggles to control. This book demonstrates
how the Yakuza persist through symbolic and residual forms of authority
even as their formal power erodes, and how their decline has fragmented
the criminal underworld. It traces the transformation of the Yakuza
from territorially embedded brokers of governance to marginal actors in a
more decentralised criminal landscape, including the delegation of
trading activities to non-affiliated networks.

Through a sharp lens on criminal decline and adaptation, 21st Century Yakuza offers a compelling portrait of a fading underworld and the new forms of disorder emerging
in its wake. It is an essential read for anyone interested in the
shifting boundaries of law, authority, and illicit power in contemporary
Japan.

This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book
focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty
negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative
analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find
Miranda’s interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. 
Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Anyone
alive today is among a tiny fraction of the once living: over 90% of
species that ever existed are now extinct. How did we come to think of
ourselves as survivors in a world where species can vanish forever, or
as capable of pushing our planet to the verge of a sixth mass
extinction?

Extinction, Professor Sadiah Qureshi shows us, is a surprisingly modern concept—and a phenomenon that’s
not as natural as we might think. In Europe until the late eighteenth
century, species were considered perfect and unchanging creations of
God. Then in the age of revolutions, scientists gathered enough fossil
evidence to determine
that mammoth bones, for example, were not just large elephants but a
lost species that once roamed the Earth alongside ancient humans.
Extinction went from being regarded as theologically dangerous to
pervasive, and even inevitable.

Yet Vanished: An Unnatural History of Extinction (Penguin, 2025) shows us that extinction is more than a scientific idea; it’s
a political choice that has led to devasting consequences. Europeans
and Americans quickly used the notion that extinction was a natural
process to justify persecution and genocide, predicting that nations
from Newfoundland’s Beothuk to Aboriginal Australians were doomed to die
out from imperial expansion.

Exploring the tangled and unnatural histories of extinction and empire, Vanished
weaves together pioneering original research and breath-taking
storytelling to show us extinction is both an evolutionary process and a
human act: one which illuminates our past, and may alter our future.

This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book
focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty
negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative
analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find
Miranda’s interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts.
Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices