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• #445 Auto-activate Python virtual environments for any project

  Topics covered in this episode: pyx - optimized backend for uv * Litestar is worth a look* * Django remake migrations* * django-chronos* Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Python Bytes 445 Sponsored by Sentry: pythonbytes.fm/sentry - Python Error and Performance Monitoring Connect with the hosts Michael: @[email protected] / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @[email protected] / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @[email protected] / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Michael #1: pyx - optimized backend for uv via John Hagen (thanks again) I’ll be interviewing Charlie in 9 days on Talk Python → Sign up (get notified) of the livestream here. Not a PyPI replacement, more of a middleware layer to make it better, faster, stronger. pyx is a paid service, with maybe a free option eventually. Brian #2: Litestar is worth a look James Bennett Michael brought up Litestar in episode 444 when talking about rewriting TalkPython in Quart James brings up scaling - Litestar is easy to split an app into multiple files Not using pydantic - You can use pydantic with Litestar, but you don’t have to. Maybe attrs is right for you instead. Michael brought up Litestar seems like a “more batteries included” option. Somewhere between FastAPI and Django. Brian #3: Django remake migrations Suggested by Bruno Alla on BlueSky In response to a migrations topic last week django-remake-migrations is a tool to help you with migrations and the docs do a great job of describing the problem way better than I did last week “The built-in squashmigrations command is great, but it only work on a single app at a time, which means that you need to run it for each app in your project. On a project with enough cross-apps dependencies, it can be tricky to run.” “This command aims at solving this problem, by recreating all the migration files in the whole project, from scratch, and mark them as applied by using the replaces attribute.” Also of note The package was created with Copier Michael brought up Copier in 2021 in episode 219 It has a nice comparison table with CookieCutter and Yoeman One difference from CookieCutter is yml vs json. I’m actually not a huge fan of handwriting either. But I guess I’d rather hand write yml. So I’m thinking of trying Copier with my future project template needs. Michael #4: django-chronos Django middleware that shows you how fast your pages load, right in your browser. Displays request timing and query counts for your views and middleware. Times middleware, view, and total per request (CPU and DB). Extras Brian: Test & Code 238: So Long, and Thanks for All the Fish after 10 years, this is the goodbye episode Michael: Auto-activate Python virtual environment for any project with a venv directory in your shell (macOS/Linux): See gist. Python 3.13.6 is out. Open weight OpenAI models Just Enough Python for Data Scientists Course The State of Python 2025 article by Michael Joke: python is better than java

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• #444 Begone Python of Yore!

  Topics covered in this episode: Coverage.py regex pragmas * Python of Yore* * nox-uv* * A couple Django items* Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by DigitalOcean: pythonbytes.fm/digitalocean-gen-ai Use code DO4BYTES and get $200 in free credit Connect with the hosts Michael: @[email protected] / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @[email protected] / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @[email protected] / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Brian #1: Coverage.py regex pragmas Ned Batchelder The regex implementation of how coverage.py recognizes pragmas is pretty amazing. It’s extensible through plugins covdefaults adds a bunch of default exclusions, and also platform- and version-specific comment syntaxes. coverage-conditional-plugin gives you a way to create comment syntaxes for entire files, for whether other packages are installed, and so on. A change from last year (as part of coverage.py 7.6 allows multiline regexes, which let’s us do things like: Exclude an entire file with \\A(?s:.*# pragma: exclude file.*)\\Z Allow start and stop delimiters with # no cover: start(?s:.*?)# no cover: stop Exclude empty placeholder methods with ^\\s*(((async )?def .*?)?\\)(\\s*->.*?)?:\\s*)?\\.\\.\\.\\s*(#|$) See Ned’s article for explanations of these Michael #2: Python of Yore via Matthias Use YORE: ... comments to highlight CPython version dependencies. # YORE: EOL 3.8: Replace block with line 4. if sys.version_info < (3, 9): from astunparse import unparse else: from ast import unparse Then check when they go out of support: $ yore check --eol-within '5 months' ./src/griffe/agents/nodes/_values.py:11: Python 3.8 will reach its End of Life within approx. 4 months Even fix them with fix . Michael #3: nox-uv via John Hagen What nox-uv does is make it very simple to install uv extras and/or dependency groups into a nox session's virtual environment. The versions installed are constrained by uv's lockfile meaning that everything is deterministic and pinned. Dependency groups make it very easy to install only want is necessary for a session (e.g., only linting dependencies like Ruff, or main dependencies + mypy for type checking). Brian #4: A couple Django items Stop Using Django's squashmigrations: There's a Better Way Johnny Metz Resetting migrations is sometimes the right thing. Overly simplified summary: delete migrations and start over dj-lite Adam Hill Use SQLite in production with Django “Simplify deploying and maintaining production Django websites by using SQLite in production. dj-lite helps enable the best performance for SQLite for small to medium-sized projects. It requires Django 5.1+.” Extras Brian: Test & Code 237 with Sebastian Ramirez on FastAPI Cloud pythontest.com: pytest fixtures nuts and bolts - revisited Michael: New course: Just Enough Python for Data Scientists My live stream about uv is now on YouTube Cursor CLI: Built to help you ship, right from your terminal. Joke: Copy/Paste

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• #443 Patching Multiprocessing

  Topics covered in this episode: rumdl - A Markdown Linter written in Rust * Coverage 7.10.0: patch* * aioboto3* * You might not need a Python class* Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Connect with the hosts Michael: @[email protected] / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @[email protected] / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @[email protected] / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Michael #1: rumdl - A Markdown Linter written in Rust via Owen Lamont Supports toml file config settings Install via uv tool install rumdl. ⚡️ Built for speed with Rust - significantly faster than alternatives 🔍 54 lint rules covering common Markdown issues 🛠️ Automatic fixing with -fix for most rules 📦 Zero dependencies - single binary with no runtime requirements 🔧 Highly configurable with TOML-based config files 🌐 Multiple installation options - Rust, Python, standalone binaries 🐍 Installable via pip for Python users 📏 Modern CLI with detailed error reporting 🔄 CI/CD friendly with non-zero exit code on errors Brian #2: Coverage 7.10.0: patch Ned Batchelder Actually up to 7.10.2 as of today patch allows coverage to run better when a covered project uses subprocesses os._exit() execv family of functions Looking at subprocess “Coverage works great when you start your program with coverage measurement, but has long had the problem of how to also measure the coverage of sub-processes that your program created. The existing solution had been a complicated two-step process of creating obscure .pth files and setting environment variables. Whole projects appeared on PyPI to handle this for you.” From release notes for 7.10.0 A new configuration option: “[run] patch” specifies named patches to work around some limitations in coverage measurement. These patches are available: patch = _exit lets coverage save its data even when <code>os._exit()</code> is used to abruptly end the process. This closes long-standing issue 310 as well as its duplicates: issue 312, issue 1673, issue 1845, and issue 1941. patch = subprocess measures coverage in Python subprocesses created with <code>subprocess</code>, <code>os.system()</code>, or one of the <code>execv</code> or <code>spawnv</code> family of functions. Closes old issue 367 and duplicate issue 378. patch = execv adjusts the <code>execv</code> family of functions to save coverage data before ending the current program and starting the next. Not available on Windows. Closes issue 43 after 15 years! Michael #3: aioboto3 via Pat Decker Wrapper to use boto3 resources with the aiobotocore async backend aiobotocore allows you to use near enough all of the boto3 client commands in an async manner just by prefixing the command with await. With aioboto3 you can now use the higher level APIs provided by boto3 in an asynchronous manner. Brian #4: You might not need a Python class Adam Grant This is an important periodic reminder to everyone coming into Python from other languages. Many other languages lean on classes a lot more than we need to in Python Adams suggestions Simple Data Containers: Use Named Tuples or Data Classes Stateless Utility Functions: Just Use Functions Grouping Constants: Use Modules Managing State with Simple Structures: Use Dictionaries or Lists Simple One-off Operations: Use Lambdas or Comprehensions I’ll add “just use functions” Avoiding Complexity: Built-in Libraries When You Actually Need a Class I’ll add You probably don’t If you think you do, ask a friend. Friends don’t let friends create extraneous classes in Python. If you think your case is an exception, it probably isn’t If you think dataclasses aren’t right for you, check out attrs Extras Brian: PyPI Incident Report: Phishing Attack -Sent in by listener John Hagen Both of Adam Johnson’s recent-ish interviews are now up on Test & Code 236: Git Tips for Testing - Adam Johnson 235: pytest-django - Adam Johnson Michael: Dive into uv webcast with me and Will Vincent Joke: Default text editor

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• #442 Cloud bills in scientific notation

  Topics covered in this episode: * Open Source Security work isn't “Special”* * uv v0.8* * Extra, Extra, Extra* Announcing Toad - a universal UI for agentic coding in the terminal Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by us! Support our work through: Our courses at Talk Python Training The Complete pytest Course Patreon Supporters Connect with the hosts Michael: @[email protected] / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @[email protected] / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @[email protected] / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Brian #1: Open Source Security work isn't “Special” Seth Larson It seems like security is special in a sense that we don’t want just anyone working on the security aspect of a project. We just want the trusted maintainers, right? Seth is arguing that this is the wrong mindset It makes more sense that we maybe have security experts contribute to many projects, and that someone working on security for just one project doesn’t benefit from scale. “Maintainers don’t see how other projects are triaging vulnerabilities and can’t learn from each other. They can’t compare notes on what they are seeing and whether they are doing the right thing. Isolation in security work breeds a culture of fear. Fear of doing the wrong thing and making your users unsafe.” “These “security contributors” could be maintainers or contributors of other open source projects that know about security, they could be foundations offering up resources to their ecosystem, or engineers at companies helping their dependency graph.” But how do we build trust in these individuals? Meeting in person works. But there are other ways as well. I’d personally love to have someone contact me about a project of mine regarding a security problem or process that the project could/should follow. Especially if I could see other projects I trust already trusting this individual to work on the other projects. Michael #2: uv v0.8 Changes Install Python executables into a directory on the PATH Register Python versions with the Windows Registry Prompt before removing an existing directory in uv venv Bump --python-platform linux to manylinux_2_28 Make uv_build the default build backend in uv init And many more And uv v0.8.1 Lots of enhancements. And uv v0.8.2 And uv v0.8.3 Adds Add CPython 3.14.0rc1 Brian #3: Extra, Extra, Extra fstrings.wtf - Armin Ronacher Python 3.14 release candidate 1 is go! Django turns 20, with parties mkdocs-redirects I’m Tired of Talking About AI - Paddy Carver Michael #4: Announcing Toad - a universal UI for agentic coding in the terminal by Will McGugan A universal front-end for AI in the terminal. Watch the video. Joke: Heaviest objects in the universe And … Cloud Architects 2025 “They send us our cloud bills in scientific notation… “ 🙂

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• #441 It's Michaels All the Way Down

  Topics covered in this episode: * Distributed sqlite follow up: Turso and Litestream* * PEP 792 – Project status markers in the simple index* Run coverage on tests docker2exe: Convert a Docker image to an executable Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by Digital Ocean: pythonbytes.fm/digitalocean-gen-ai Use code DO4BYTES and get $200 in free credit Connect with the hosts Michael: @[email protected] / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @[email protected] / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @[email protected] / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Michael #1: Distributed sqlite follow up: Turso and Litestream Michael Booth: Turso marries the familiarity and simplicity of SQLite with modern, scalable, and distributed features. Seems to me that Turso is to SQLite what MotherDuck is to DuckDB. Mike Fiedler Continue to use the SQLite you love and care about (even the one inside Python runtime) and launch a daemon that watches the db for changes and replicates changes to an S3-type object store. Deeper dive: Litestream: Revamped Brian #2: PEP 792 – Project status markers in the simple index Currently 3 status markers for packages Trove Classifier status Indices can be yanked PyPI projects - admins can quarantine a project, owners can archive a project Proposal is to have something that can have only one state active archived quarantined deprecated This has been Approved, but not Implemented yet. Brian #3: Run coverage on tests Hugo van Kemenade And apparently, run Ruff with at least F811 turned on Helps with copy/paste/modify mistakes, but also subtler bugs like consumed generators being reused. Michael #4: docker2exe: Convert a Docker image to an executable This tool can be used to convert a Docker image to an executable that you can send to your friends. Build with a simple command: $ docker2exe --name alpine --image alpine:3.9 Requires docker on the client device Probably doesn’t map volumes/ports/etc, though could potentially be exposed in the dockerfile. Extras Brian: Back catalog of Test & Code is now on YouTube under @TestAndCodePodcast So far 106 of 234 episodes are up. The rest are going up according to daily limits. Ordering is rather chaotic, according to upload time, not release ordering. There will be a new episode this week pytest-django with Adam Johnson Joke: If programmers were doctors

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