Longevity by Design

On this episode of Longevity by Design, Dr. Gil Blander welcomes Dr. John Erdman to discuss prostate cancer and the impact of diet on disease progression. John shares his personal connection to this disease and why he’s dedicated his research to understanding dietary interventions.John explains that prostate cancer is often slow-growing, with most men experiencing decades between early mutations and noticeable tumor growth. He stresses the importance of early detection through regular checkups, including digital exams and PSA tests. While the medical community debates the effectiveness of these tests, John advocates for establishing a baseline to monitor for any sudden changes.John's research reveals a strong link between tomato consumption and reduced prostate cancer risk. He believes this protective effect stems from lycopene and its metabolites, which may influence gene expression. John emphasizes that while tomato consumption shows promise, maintaining a healthy weight and regular exercise are equally crucial for long-term health. Episode highlights:Introduction: 00:00:00The Stages and Progression of Prostate Cancer: 00:06:00Diagnosing Prostate Cancer: Methods and Considerations: 00:11:00The Role of Specific Foods in Prostate Cancer Risk Reduction: 00:22:00Exploring the Link Between Gut Microbes and Prostate Cancer: 00:30:00Top tip to improve healthspan: 00:34:00For science-backed ways to live a healthier longer life, download InsideTracker's Top 5 biomarkers for longevity eBook at insidetracker.com/podcast

In this episode of Longevity by Design, Dr. Gil Blander welcomes Dr. Jens Juul Holst, a renowned Danish physician and physiologist, to discuss GLP-1, a hormone transforming our understanding of metabolic health. Dr. Holst, who discovered and described GLP-1, explains its role as a gut-derived hormone that regulates appetite, insulin secretion, and digestion, offering a groundbreaking approach to managing obesity and type 2 diabetes.The conversation explores how GLP-1 receptor agonists, have evolved into powerful medications. These drugs help patients achieve significant weight loss, reverse diabetes, improve cardiovascular health, reduce inflammation, and potentially enhance cognitive function. Dr. Holst delves into their long-term implications for preventing diabetes, extending health spans, and even reducing the risks of obesity-related cancers and improving fertility.Dr. Holst emphasizes that while GLP-1 offers life-changing benefits, sustainable health still hinges on balanced diets and regular physical activity. This episode provides a fascinating look at the intersection of science, medicine, and lifestyle in promoting longevity.Episode highlights:Introduction: 00:00:00What is GLP-1: 00:03:00what is a GLP-1 agonist: 00:04:15what are the target organs of the GLP-1 agonist?: 00:06:30what is the effect of the GLP-1 agonist on a diabetic patient?: 00:10:00What percentage of a diabetic patient on GLP-1 have complete remission: 00:11:30How long did it take to bring a drug to market from the moment you first discovered it: 00:23:30What is the GLP-1 effect on cognition and dementia: 00:29:00GLP-1 effect on kidney diseases: 00:32:00GLP-1 positive effect on fertility: 00:35:00GLP-1 positive effect on cancer: 00:37:30Should a patient be on GLP-1 for life: 00:41:00GLP-1 related side effects: 00:48:00GLP-1 effect on resting heart rate: 00:52:30GLP-1 related side effects: 00:48:00GLP-1 from Lilly vs novo nordisk: 00:55:00GLP-1 oral versus the injectable: 00:58:00GLP-1 effect on lifespan: 01:00:30GLP-1 effect on lifespan: 01:00:30What led you to become a scientist: 01:03:00The story of discovering the GLP-1: 01:04:30How did you successfully extend the half-life of the GLP-1 agonist: 01:09:00GLP-1 moving from once a day to once a week: 01:16:00Top tip to improve healthspan: 01:18:00GLP-1 Agonists: A Game-Changer for Diabetes and ObesityDr. Jens Juul Holst explores the revolutionary impact of GLP-1 agonists in treating diabetes and obesity. These medications mimic a natural gut hormone to regulate insulin secretion, appetite, and weight. Through their ability to normalize blood glucose levels and promote significant weight loss, GLP-1 agonists have transformed the lives of patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity. Holst highlights their success in enabling over 50% of diabetes patients to achieve normal glucose levels while addressing the systemic health risks tied to obesity. This innovation represents a monumental leap in metabolic disease management. For science-backed ways to live a healthier longer life, download InsideTracker's Top 5 biomarkers for longevity eBook at insidetracker.com/podcast

Episode highlights:Introduction: 00:00:00Why have you decided to become a scientist: 00:02:30What is fermentation: 00:07:45What microbes are involved in fermentation: 00:08:40How those microbes get into the fermented food: 00:09:35When the Humankind started to utilize fermentation: 00:11:20What is the difference between Probiotics and Live Cultures: 00:15:15What are the benefits of fermented food consumption: 00:17:43What foods are produced through lactic acid fermentation, and what are the best methods for making them at home: 00:23:10What is the positive effect of fermented foods on inflammation: 00:29:18What impact do fermented foods have on longevity: 00:32:10What are Postbiotics: 00:35:05Top tip for healthspan: 00:44:20Not all Fermented Foods Are EqualWhile many cultures around the world have enjoyed the benefits of fermented foods for centuries, modern consumers need to be savvier about what they’re buying. Just because a food is fermented or contains live cultures doesn’t mean it offers proven health benefits. The term "probiotics" is specifically defined and requires scientific evidence to support health claims, so don’t be afraid to read labels carefully and choose fermented foods backed by research.Lactic Acid Fermentation May Be a Key Player in HealthWhile there are many types of fermentation, lactic acid fermentation, which is responsible for foods like yogurt, kimchi, and sauerkraut, is of particular interest to researchers. Early studies show promising links between consuming lactic acid-fermented foods and positive impacts on gut health, immune function, and even potentially longevity. The specific mechanisms are still being investigated, but it seems these foods offer more than just interesting flavors.Scientists Are Unlocking the Power of PostbioticsScientists are going beyond probiotics and exploring the potential of “postbiotics” – those beneficial compounds produced by bacteria during fermentation. These metabolites may hold the key to unlocking even more targeted health benefits from fermented foods. Dr. Allen and Dr. Miller’s research on aryl lactates, for instance, suggests that some postbiotics could help modulate immune responses and address inflammation. This area of study is rapidly evolving and offers an exciting frontier in food science and human health.The History and Significance of FermentationLong before refrigeration, humans discovered the magic of fermentation. This process, dating back thousands of years, involves harnessing the power of microbes to transform food. What began as a way to preserve food has evolved into an art form, with diverse cultures developing unique fermentation traditions that add flavor and depth to their cuisines."A lot of these fermentation practices keep foods for a much longer period of time without refrigeration and we did not have refrigeration until 100 years ago." - Dr. Jacob AllenUnderstanding the Difference: Probiotics vs. Live CulturesWhile often used interchangeably, “probiotics” and “live cultures” have distinct meanings. Probiotics refer to specific strains of live microorganisms scientifically proven to provide health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts. In contrast, “live cultures” indicate the presence of live microbes in food but don't guarantee specific health benefits without further research.“Probiotics are things that have documented clinical evidence. Live cultures, on the other hand, are you eating live microorganisms.” - Dr. Mike MillerWe Appreciate You!As a token of our gratitude, we’re excited to offer you 15% off your next purchase. Simply click the link below to redeem your discount: https://info.insidetracker.com/podcast 

On this episode of Longevity by Design, Dr. Gil Blander welcomes Dr. Yanina Pepino, Professor of Ingestive Behavior at the University of Illinois, to discuss the fascinating link between taste, personal preferences, and long-term health. Yanina's research shows our food environment significantly shapes cravings. This exposure starts as early as the womb, impacting future preferences.Yanina explains that bariatric surgery and GLP-1 medications are powerful tools for weight management. However, she emphasizes the importance of using these interventions as opportunities to adopt healthier eating habits. She highlights the potential of GLP-1 agonists as a treatment for alcohol use disorder, noting their ability to reduce alcohol cravings.The conversation also explores the impact of non-nutritive sweeteners. While generally considered safe, Yanina's research suggests that these sweeteners may have metabolic effects. She encourages listeners to be mindful of their intake and to prioritize natural sugars in moderation.Episode highlights:Introduction: 00:00:00Why have you decided to be a scientist: 00:03:40How did you get interested in the taste & smell preference in humans: 00:04:40The Impact of Maternal Alcohol Consumption During Pregnancy on Newborn Alcohol Preferences: 00:06:00What you consume during pregnancy can influence your newborn’s preferences: 00:08:00What Are the Individual Differences in Human Taste: 00:08:20Do you know if taste perception is influenced by an individual’s specific macro- and micronutrient needs: 00:14:00What are the effects of bariatric surgery-induced weight loss on flavor perception, eating behavior, and alcohol drinking: 00:16:00The Impact of GLP-1 Drug Use on flavor perception: 00:26:45The Impact of lifestyle-related Weight Loss on flavor perception: 00:30:10The Negative Impact of Alcohol Consumption on Bariatric Surgery Patients: 00:34:30The potential positive impact of GLP-1 injection on Alcohol Consumption: 00:39:30What Is the Effect of Non-Caloric Sweeteners on Post-Meal Glucose Spikes and Health: 00:41:30Bitter taste and why some of us don't like it: 00:52:00Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic on Taste and Smell Perception: 00:54:30Yanina's top tip for healthspan: 00:42:10Early Taste Exposure Shapes Lifelong PreferencesWhat we eat during pregnancy and infancy might pre-program a child's future food preferences. Yanina's research reveals that exposure to flavors, even in the womb, can influence what we enjoy eating later in life. This highlights the importance of establishing healthy eating patterns from the very beginning, as those early experiences can have lasting effects. Parents and caregivers have a powerful role in shaping those early preferences for a healthier future generation. Bariatric Surgery and GLP-1 Offer a Chance to "Reset"Both bariatric surgery and GLP-1 medications are not just quick fixes, but opportunities to rewire your relationship with food. While these interventions can significantly impact hunger hormones and promote weight loss, their long-term success relies on behavioral change. Yanina stresses the importance of using this period of altered appetite to explore new, healthier food choices and establish lasting dietary habits.We Appreciate You!As a token of our gratitude, we’re excited to offer you 15% off your next purchase. Simply click the link below to redeem your discount: https://info.insidetracker.com/podcast