Analyse Podcast

Fresh out of the studio, James Liang — Co-founder and Executive Chairman of Trip.com Group, economist, and author of Innovationism: A New Philosophy for the Age of AI — joins us to explore what becomes of human meaning when AI does the work. James argues that innovation and heritage are "the same coin": innovation measured by how much heritage it leaves behind. He unpacks why the individual, not the nation or firm, is the binding constraint on innovation, why aging societies stop producing startups, and how his Nature 2024 hybrid-work study reframes family-friendly policy as economically rational. Closing the conversation, James explains why he is bullish on China mid-term but bearish long-term — and why population, not chips, is the real race.
"To innovate and to innovate successfully is measured by how much heritage you generate. But you know what's a good innovation? What's innovation can have a lasting impact? In my definition, the good news is it's going to last." - James LiangEpisode Highlights:
[00:00] Quote of the Day by James Liang, Chairman of Trip.com Group
[01:06] Introduction: James Liang
[03:18] Stepping down twice — the mobile wave he didn't see
[05:57] Founder mode and returning to lead Trip.com
[07:31] Three life lessons: a rich life, experience, family
[09:44] Innovationism — why the book opens with his daughter
[11:24] Core tenets: innovation and heritage as one coin
[14:38] Innovation as writing a company's cultural values
[16:00] What heritage really means
[17:32] Distil to simplicity; learn more in the age of AI
[19:00] The Nature 2024 hybrid-work experiment
[19:44] Triple-win policies: employee, company, society
[22:52] Innovation capacity — neurons, scale, connection
[25:37] Three levels: nation, firm, individual
[29:00] Why innovation cannot be planned top-down
[30:21] Japan's missing startups; Korea and China compared
[32:14] Hierarchy, vested interests, and blocked young talent
[33:17] AI and moats — operators and the physical world
[35:36] Education reform — stop filtering children too early
[37:31] College as universal general education
[40:00] Understanding still matters in the age of AI
[41:46] What readers won't pick up from the page
[42:14] The AI end game — master, child, or pet
[43:27] Population as the safeguard against losing control
[45:14] Technology ethics at the frontier
[46:01] Longevity, fresh blood, and stagnation
[49:19] Interstellar trips as Trip.com's next frontier
[49:41] The biggest misconceptions about China's innovation
[50:36] The big-country advantage in digital technology
[52:23] Electric cars, life science, three times the talent
[54:16] The China–US race — researchers as the real bottleneck
[56:38] Why blocking China hurts the US more
[57:42] The question James wishes people would ask
[59:25] Success for innovationism — relax, travel, have children
[61:22] Closing
Profile: James Liang, Co-founder, Executive Chairman of the Board, Trip.com Group and Author of "Innovationism: A New Philosophy for the Age of AI"
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/james-liang-tripgroup/
Trip.com Group: https://investors.trip.com/board-member/james-jianzhang-liang
Podcast Information: Bernard Leong hosts and produces the show. The proper credits for the intro and end music are "Energetic Sports Drive." G. Thomas Craig mixed and edited the episode in both video and audio format.

Fresh out of the studio, Eric Ries — author of the new book Incorruptible, founder of the Long-Term Stock Exchange, co-founder of Answer.AI, and author of The Lean Startup — joins Bernard Leong to discuss his blueprint for building mission-controlled companies that resist financial gravity. Eric explains why trustworthiness is the most underrated asset in business and why success, far from being a shield, makes companies a target worth capturing. He walks through the governance fortresses that have kept Costco, Novo Nordisk, and Patagonia true to mission for decades, and argues that today's so-called best practices have destroyed billions in shareholder value. The conversation turns to AI: which parts of the Lean Startup it accelerates, which parts it cannot, and why validated learning still lives only between the ears. Eric closes with a radical redefinition of profit as the maximization of human flourishing, and a challenge to Asia-Pacific leaders to leapfrog the governance failures the West is about to live through.
"We're helping people create this asset and we're teaching them the wrong idea. We're teaching them that success will protect them. But that's backwards. Success makes you a target worth capturing. And so that explained to me all these companies I saw that failed—not because they went out of business, not because they failed to create value, they failed because of their success." - Eric RiesProfile: Eric Ries, Founder of the Long-Term Stock Exchange, co-founder of Answer.AI, and author of The Lean Startup.
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/eries/
Personal Site: https://www.incorruptible.co/
Episode Highlights:
[00:00] Quote of the Day by Eric Ries from *Incorruptible*
[00:45] Introduction: Eric Ries, author of "Incorriptible" & "The Lean Startup"
[01:11] Pulling the thread from programming to accountability
[03:12] Lean Startup built companies; didn't teach protection
[05:15] The billionaire dancing alone at the party
[06:09] Trustworthiness: business's most underrated asset[07:18] Why success makes you a target
[08:19] Today's best practices destroy value
[09:19] Costco's governance fortress defends customer experience
[09:54] Novo Nordisk's 100-year foundation structure
[11:12] AI and the Lean Startup on steroids
[14:09] MVP advantage dies when everyone has AI
[15:39] The professor with the dangerous biotech breakthrough
[17:13] Investors revealed as amoral actors
[18:13] The builder's intuition: create then capture value
[20:52] Protecting research from capital's gravitational pull
[23:30] Organizations are literally alive
[25:26] More humans, worse collective problem-solving
[25:46] Moral character as an emergent property
[27:25] Current profit definition has fatal blind spots
[30:13] Hitman marketplace: humans as input factor
[32:29] Surrogation: the measurement becomes the target
[33:51] The pre-IPO team laughing after CEO leaves
[36:36] Vatican conference on AI governance
[38:00] Emperor-for-life founders carry impossible burden
[41:31] Best practices young; ancient wisdom forgotten[44:40] Closing

Podcast Information: Bernard Leong hosts and produces the show. The proper credits for the intro and end music are "Energetic Sports Drive." G. Thomas Craig mixed and edited the episode in both video and audio format.
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Fresh out of the studio, Geoffrey Cain, author of Steve Jobs in Exile and Samsung Rising, returns to the Analyse Podcast to argue that the twelve years between Jobs's 1985 ouster and his 1997 return to Apple were not a footnote but the forge. Drawing on private archives at Carnegie Mellon and Stanford, unbroadcast footage from inside NeXT, and interviews with the people who lived it, Cain reframes the wilderness decade as the cause, not the gap, in Jobs's transformation. We trace the NeXT collapse and the failed IBM licensing deal, the parallel crucible of Pixar where Catmull and Lasseter barred Jobs from creative meetings, and the deep Japanese and Zen influences — Akio Morita, Sony, the beginner's mind — that Isaacson and Schlender underplayed. We close on Apple at fifty, John Ternus's ascent, and what Jobs would have done with AI.

"The successes that we see in the world for every iPhone there is, for every SpaceX rocket there are perhaps dozens or maybe even hundreds of failures behind that we don't see. And so the wilderness, as they call it, this is the greatest moment in the lives of many founders. It's the wilderness that we all have to go through before we can achieve greatness, and if we don't go through that, then we don't learn those lessons." - Geoffrey Cain

Profile: Geoffrey Cain, author of "Steve Jobs in Exile"

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/gcain/

Personal Site: https://geoffreycain.net/

Episode Highlights:
[00:00] Quote of the Day by Geoffrey Cain, author of Steve Jobs in Exile
[00:30] What Geoffrey has been up after his first book: Samsung Rising
[04:05] Working in the US House on technology policy & rebuilding America's industrial base
[04:50] De-industrialisation, and rebuilding America's industrial base
[05:24] The central thesis on Steve Job's exile [07:13] The Steve Jobs we don't know — before the turtleneck and the iPhone[09:07] The wilderness — where every great founder is forged[12:30] The failed coup against John Sculley[14:10] Was Jobs early or wrong about what universities needed?[16:31] Object-oriented programming — the real innovation Jobs couldn't see[18:36] Jobs of 1997 was not the Jobs of 1985[20:00] Technology does not change the world — it makes things easier[22:38] The butterfly effect — if NeXT had gone differently, no iPhone[25:13] A failure of ego — Jobs versus the company he hated[28:49] NeXTstep — twenty years into the future in 1990[32:24] Pixar as the parallel crucible — bought for $5 million[35:25] Toy Story and the IPO that made Jobs a billionaire[38:57] What the NeXT and Pixar years really reveal[40:38] Three biographies, three frames — Isaacson, Schlender, Cain[45:26] Why NeXT became the ugly duckling of Apple lore[48:12] The Japanese influence Isaacson never pulled on[51:30] Apple at fifty — Ternus and the era of execution over reinvention[54:11] How Jobs would integrate AI — quiet, in the background[55:10] The Apple-Google Gemini partnership and swallowed pride[56:38] Jobs as second mover — Macintosh, iPhone, the bicycle for the mind[57:30] Why ChatGPT and Claude would look ugly to Jobs[1:00:30] What NeXT veterans say about the Ternus appointment[01:02:33] What success means for the book[01:03:13] Closing

Podcast Information: Bernard Leong hosts and produces the show. The proper credits for the intro and end music are "Energetic Sports Drive." G. Thomas Craig mixed and edited the episode in both video and audio format.


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Analyse Podcast Main Site: https://analysepodcast.com

Fresh out of the studio, Bernard Leong sits down with Kiren Kumar, Deputy Chief Executive of the Infocomm Media Development Authority (IMDA) Singapore, for a conversation on how Singapore is building trusted AI at national scale. Kiren traces IMDA's arc from the 2018 Model AI Governance Framework to the Agentic AI framework launched at Davos this year, the four AI missions — advanced manufacturing, finance, connectivity, and healthcare — anchoring the next strategic bound, and the programs moving enterprises from pilots to production. He argues the real blocker is leadership rather than policy, that trust is Singapore's enduring competitive moat, and that the country must shift from 10% productivity gains to 10X transformation. The conversation closes with a preview of ATx Summit 2026 and what great looks like for Singapore's AI economy by the early 2030s."What would be amazing to see in Singapore is, number one, we have our large companies truly transforming themselves and becoming way bigger than they are today in the global competitive landscape—in manufacturing, in finance, in healthcare, and in connectivity. That's one. The second one is we are known globally as an economy where everybody in our workforce is AI-ready. Yeah, is AI fluent. The third thing I'm hoping to see is we have amazing AI native startups being born in our ecosystem, which are global in the niche areas that they can play in. We may not have the next OpenAI, but I'm hoping that we have a lot of new AI native technology companies that are developing products and services and solutions enabled by AI, powered by AI, transforming industries and creating a lot of growth." - Kiren Kumar Episode Highlights: [00:00] Quote of the Day by Kiren Kumar from IMDA Singapore[02:24] Origin story — Singapore, Stanford, dotcom crash[05:00] Digital economy now 19% of Singapore's GDP[08:08] Career advice — start at a startup first[09:04] IMDA's four core mandates explained[11:47] Trust as Singapore's enduring brand advantage[12:48] Co-create with industry rather than regulate[14:09] Why agentic AI changes the governance equation[15:18] Pilots versus production — the hard transition[17:18] Forward deployed engineers as scarce commodity[18:55] Why agentic AI needed a separate framework[20:23] SME AI adoption tripled in a single year[21:36] From 10% productivity to 10X transformation[24:20] SME Go Digital — 100,000 SMEs in ten years[25:40] Leadership, not policy, is the real blocker[30:46] National AI Impact Program upskills 100,000[34:50] Four missions — manufacturing, finance, connectivity, healthcare[35:49] Owning the global AI standards layer[38:01] ATx Summit 2026 themes and headliners[41:07] What Singapore must get right by 2030[42:05] AI is a contact sport — just start[44:36] What great looks like — companies, workforce, startups[46:52] ClosingProfile: Kiren Kumar, Deputy Chief Executive Officer, Infocomm Media Development Authority (or IMDA), Singapore (LinkedIn) Podcast Information: Bernard Leong hosts and produces the Analyse Podcast show. The proper credits for the intro and end music are "Energetic Sports Drive." G. Thomas Craig mixed and edited the episode in both video and audio format.

Fresh out of the studio, Alex Topaloski, CEO and Co-founder of Pulse ID joined us in a conversation on his company's customer engagement infrastructure powering Visa's cardholder offers across Asia Pacific. Drawing on Pulse ID's recent white paper, The Age of Knowing, Alex unpacks the three forces reshaping bank loyalty: interchange, partnerships, and intelligence. He explains why banks have solved the data problem but still struggle with engagement, walks through agentic AI architectures and the minimum effective nudge principle, and lays out why Asia-Pacific diversity demands distinct playbooks for Australia, Japan, and Southeast Asia. Closing out, Alex argues the next 12 months belong to banks that prioritize the last mile — where ROI on a decade of data investment finally lands and lays out what great would look life for Pulse ID moving forward.
"So we are making that transition from being a system-of-record platform for engagement, loyalty, and rewards to being a system-of-action platform that drives measurable behavioral change. And I think that is quite a big step forward. The efficiencies that clients are able to get—the outcomes, the revenue, ROIs that it can get on interactions—it's something that people are now going to start experiencing." - Alex TopaloskiEpisode Highlights:
[00:00] Quote of the Day by Alex Topaloski, CEO of Pulse ID
[01:13] Introduction: Alex's career journey
[03:41] Pulse ID: Infrastructure platforms as invisible organs
[06:26] Lifelong learning as the hardest conviction to hold
[08:11] What Pulse ID does as a B2B fintech infrastructure company
[09:26] Defining the era of intelligence
[10:56] Two stages: data architecture, then engagement
[12:56] Why super apps deliver smoother journeys than banks
[16:11] Why loyalty platforms struggle to absorb new signals
[17:26] Why customer engagement is the wrong primary KPI
[19:41] MCP as a way to act without seeing the full data
[20:26] The Visa, GCash, JCB partnership playbook
[22:41] Why move-fast-break-things fails in B2B finance
[24:11] Smart pricing as the hardest model to scale
[25:26] Operating across Singapore, Japan, ANZ, UAE, Oman
[27:56] Multiple AI brains across the stack
[29:26] The guardrail principle: AI selects tools, not data
[31:11] System of record to system of action
[34:11] Where the moat sits when foundation models commoditize
[35:56] The Asia-Pacific market diversity playbook
[38:41] The boardroom decision in the next 12 months
[40:56] What great looks like for Pulse ID
[41:41] Book recommendation: The Fountainhead

Profile: Alex Topaloski, CEO of Pulse ID
Main Site: https://www.pulseid.com/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/topaloski/
Podcast Information: Bernard Leong hosts and produces the show. The proper credits for the intro and end music are "Energetic Sports Drive." G. Thomas Craig mixed and edited the episode in both video and audio format.